火星进入器小攻角飞行的静不稳定性

计算物理 ›› 2016, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 297-304.

火星进入器小攻角飞行的静不稳定性

吕俊明, 苗文博, 黄飞, 程晓丽, 王强

中国航天空气动力技术研究院, 北京 100074

收稿日期:2015-05-04 修回日期:2015-09-10 出版日期:2016-05-25 发布日期:2016-05-25
作者简介:吕俊明(1981-),男,陕西人,高级工程师,博士,主要从事高超声速流动和高温真实气体效应研究,E-mail:junminglv@gmail.com

Static Instability of Mars Entry Vehicles Flying at Small Angle of Attack

LV Junming, MIAO Wenbo, HUANG Fei, CHENG Xiaoli, WANG Qiang

China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics, Beijing 100074, China

Received:2015-05-04 Revised:2015-09-10 Online:2016-05-25 Published:2016-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对火星探路者号进入段飞行过程,求解三维流体力学Navier-Stokes方程,采用高温真实气体模型和等效比热比完全气体模型,对气动力特性进行预测和分析,对发现的小攻角静不稳定现象开展机理分析.比较海盗号数值计算结果、文献数据和飞行试验数据,结果符合很好,验证了物理化学模型及数值方法;探路者号的升阻特性和配平特性预测数据表明,真实气体模型和LAURA数据符合很好,等效比热比模型可以较准确地计算升力和阻力系数;2°攻角飞行时,进入器沿轨道出现静不稳定,完全气体模型无法模拟,分析认为迎风区声速线在肩部的移动和背风区亚声速区的分布变化以及亚声速区泡的出现,导致激波层压力下降和肩部膨胀区的压力下降向上游的传递过程发生变化,造成表面压力分布改变,最终诱发静不稳定.

关键词: 火星大气, 小攻角进入, 气动力特性, 静不稳定性, 亚声速区

Abstract: Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in high temperature real gas model and perfect gas model are solved for hypersonic entry process. Good agreement is achieved between numerical results, reference values and flight data of Viking, which validates physical-chemical models and numerical methods. Aerodynamic prediction of Mars Pathfinder proves that results of real gas model are close to LAURA. Perfect gas model with effective specific heat ratio is capable of computing lift and drag coefficients. At 2° angle of attack, MPF exhibits static instability along trajectory, which perfect gas model failed to catch on. It is considered that main reasons of static instability are sonic line shifting around shoulder in windward, subsonic area varying and subsonic bubble occurring in leeward. They result in different pressure change in shock layer and in transportation process from expansion zone to upstream.

Key words: Martian atmosphere, entry at small AoA, aerodynamic characteristic, static instability, subsonic zone

中图分类号:

O354.7

吕俊明, 苗文博, 黄飞, 程晓丽, 王强. 火星进入器小攻角飞行的静不稳定性[J]. 计算物理, 2016, 33(3): 297-304.

LV Junming, MIAO Wenbo, HUANG Fei, CHENG Xiaoli, WANG Qiang. Static Instability of Mars Entry Vehicles Flying at Small Angle of Attack[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS, 2016, 33(3): 297-304.

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