基于区块链的混合式点对点电力信息网络级联故障研究

doi:10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8637

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过对电网进行社团划分, 根据电网和信息网对应分层分区建设的现状和实际耦合关系划分信息网社团。选取信息网中每个社团介数最大的节点和度数最大的节点进行全连接, 构建基于区块链的混合式点对点结构的电力信息相互依存网络模型。结合区块链的共识机制分析该模型的优势, 利用高度数攻击与高介数攻击这两种攻击策略研究所提出的相互依存网络的鲁棒性, 并与传统的集中式控制的电力信息网和完全分散式点对点电力信息网进行对比。研究结果表明: 本电力信息相互依存网络模型能够在提高网络鲁棒性的基础上, 有效减少实用拜占庭容错算法的通信开销和共识时延; 在混合式点对点电力信息网中, 高度数攻击方式下系统表现出更强的脆弱性。

关键词: 区块链, 电力网络, 级联故障, 社团划分, 实用拜占庭容错机制

Abstract:

By dividing the community of the power grid, the information network community is divided according to the current situation and the actual coupling relationship of the corresponding hierarchical partition construction of the power grid and the information network, and the node with the largest betweenness and the node with the largest degree of each community in the information network is selected for full connection. The power information interdependence network model based on the hybrid point-to-point structure of the blockchain, combined with the consensus mechanism of the blockchain, analyzes the advantages of the model, and uses the two attack strategies of high number attack and high betweenness attack to study the proposed interdependence The robustness of the network is compared with the traditional centralized control power information network and the fully decentralized point-to-point power information network. The research results show that the hybrid point-to-point power information interdependence network model can effectively reduce the communication overhead and consensus delay of the practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm on the basis of improving the robustness of the network. In the hybrid peer-to-peer power information network, the system shows stronger vulnerability under the high-number attack mode.

Key words: blockchain, power network, cascading failure, community division, practical Byzantine fault tolerance

侯凤萍, 邹艳丽, 刘唐慧美, 王志伟, 谭秫毅. 基于区块链的混合式点对点电力信息网络级联故障研究[J]. 计算物理, 2023, 40(5): 633-642.

Fengping HOU, Yanli ZOU, Tanghuimei LIU, Zhiwei WANG, Shuyi TAN. Research on Cascading Faults of Hybrid Point-to-Point Power Information Network Based on Blockchain[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Physics, 2023, 40(5): 633-642.

图/表 15

图1 电力信息相依网络模型示意图

Fig.1 Diagram of power information dependency network model

图2 完全分散式的P2P网络结构

Fig.2 Completely decentralized P2P network structure

图3 混合式的P2P网络结构

Fig.3 Hybrid P2P network structure

图4 分散式的P2P相依网络模型示意图

Fig.4 Decentralized P2P dependent network model

图5 混合式的P2P相依网络模型示意图

Fig.5 Hybrid P2P dependent network model

图6 区块链的数据结构

Fig.6 The data structure of blockchain

图7 社团划分后的IEEE 39电力信息物理网络

Fig.7 IEEE 39 power information physical network diagram after community division

图8 不同电力信息相互依存网络下高度数攻击负荷损失率(a)IEEE39；(b)IEEE118

Fig.8 Load loss rate of height number attack in different power information interdependent networks (a)IEEE39; (b)IEEE118

图9 不同电力信息相互依存网络下高介数攻击负荷损失率(a)IEEE39；(b)IEEE118

Fig.9 Load loss rate of high mediator attack in different power information interdependent networks (a)IEEE39; (b)IEEE118

图10 MB连接方式下两种攻击方式的对比(a)IEEE39；(b)IEEE118

Fig.10 Results of two attack modes under MB connection mode (a)IEEE39; (b)IEEE118

图11 MD连接方式下两种攻击方式的对比(a)IEEE39；(b)IEEE118

Fig.11 Results of two attack modes under MD connection mode (a)IEEE39;(b)IEEE118

图12 MB方式下两种攻击方式的对比

Fig.12 Results of two attack modes under MB mode

图13 MD方式下两种攻击方式的对比

Fig.13 Results of two attack modes under MD mode

表1 PBFT通信开销对比(共识次数)

Table 1 PBFT communication cost comparison (consensus times)

网络类型	X_a	X_b	T/%
IEEE39	2 964	84	2.83
IEEE118	27 612	220	0.79

表2 P2P信息网连边数对比

Table 2 Comparison of the number of connected sides of P2P information network

网络类型	L_a	L_b	M/%
IEEE39	741	66	8.90
IEEE118	6 903	234	3.38

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