基于水击效应的水平井压裂裂缝数值诊断

doi:10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8668

计算物理 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 735-741.DOI: 10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8668

基于水击效应的水平井压裂裂缝数值诊断

朱昭颖¹(), 戴邓仅¹, 鲁伍支¹, 王少椿¹, 刘伟¹^,*(), 肖剑锋²

1. 成都理工大学能源学院, 四川成都 610059
2. 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司页岩气勘探开发项目经理部, 四川成都 610051

收稿日期:2022-11-18 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2024-01-22
通讯作者: 刘伟
作者简介:朱昭颖, 女, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为油气田开发, E-mail: 731952089@qq.com
基金资助:
CO₂压裂液相态特征及流动规律研究(19SXHZ0002)

Numerical Fracture Diagnosis Method for Horizontal Well Fracturing Based on Water Hammer

Zhaoying ZHU¹(), Dengjin DAI¹, Wuzhi LU¹, Shaochun WANG¹, Wei LIU¹^,*(), Jianfeng XIAO²

1. School of Energy, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
2. Shale Gas Exploration and development Project Management Department, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Chengdu, Sichuan 610051, China

Received:2022-11-18 Online:2023-11-25 Published:2024-01-22
Contact: Wei LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对水平井压裂效果的诊断技术, 提出基于水击效应的裂缝诊断数值方法。由于压裂裂缝对停泵压力造成能量耗散, 传统水击数学模型难以适用于水平井压裂裂缝诊断。考虑裂缝对水击效应的影响, 基于等效电路方法建立水平井水击数学模型, 采用特征线法对模型进行求解, 根据水击压力曲线特征反演出裂缝参数, 分析不同影响因素下水击压力曲线的变化特征。结果表明: 水击压力波的特征受裂缝形态和施工参数的影响, 裂缝体积、排量和压裂段长等会改变水击压力的振幅和周期。利用水击模型对现场数据进行历史拟合, 得到裂缝半长和高度与微地震监测数据符合率超过80%, 验证了模型的准确性, 为水平井压裂裂缝参数评价提供一种思路和方法。

关键词: 水击效应, 裂缝诊断, 水平井压裂

Abstract:

Aiming at the diagnosis technology of the horizontal well fracturing effect, a numerical fracture diagnosis method based on the water hammer effect is proposed. Because of the energy dissipation caused by the fracture to the pump shutdown pressure, the traditional water hammer mathematical model is difficultly to apply to the fracture diagnosis of horizontal Wells. In this paper, considering the influence of fracture on the water hammer effect, a mathematical model of water hammer in a horizontal well is established based on the equivalent circuit method, and the model is solved by the characteristics method line. The fracture parameters are deduced based on the characteristics of the water hammer pressure curve, and the variation characteristics of the water hammer pressure curve with different influencing factors are analyzed. The results show that the characteristics of water hammer pressure wave are affected by fracture morphology and construction parameters. and the amplitude and period of hydraulic pressure are changed by fracture volume, displacement and fracturing stage length. The water percussion model is used to carry out historical fitting to the field data, and the coincidence rate of the obtained fracture half-length and height with the microseismic monitoring data is more than 80%, which verifies the accuracy of the model and provideds on idea and method for the fracture parameter evaluation of horizontal wells.

Key words: water hammer, fracture diagnosis, horizontal well fracturing

中图分类号:

TE357

朱昭颖, 戴邓仅, 鲁伍支, 王少椿, 刘伟, 肖剑锋. 基于水击效应的水平井压裂裂缝数值诊断[J]. 计算物理, 2023, 40(6): 735-741.

Zhaoying ZHU, Dengjin DAI, Wuzhi LU, Shaochun WANG, Wei LIU, Jianfeng XIAO. Numerical Fracture Diagnosis Method for Horizontal Well Fracturing Based on Water Hammer[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Physics, 2023, 40(6): 735-741.

图/表 12

图1 水平井井筒物理模型

Fig.1 Physical model of horizontal well

图2 特征线网格图

Fig.2 Grid of characteristic lines

图3 近井摩擦阻力对水击的影响

Fig.3 Influence of near-wellbore friction resistance on water hammer

图4 裂缝体积对水击的影响

Fig.4 Influence of fracture volume on water hammer

图5 流体注入流速对水击的影响

Fig.5 Influence of fluid injection velocity on water hammer

图6 不同段长的压力曲线

Fig.6 Pressure curves of different lengths

图7 不同套管尺寸的压力曲线

Fig.7 Pressure curves for different casing sizes

图8 不同流体粘度的压力曲线

Fig.8 Pressure curves for different fluid viscosities

图9 不同关泵时间的压力曲线

Fig.9 Pressure curves for different pump shutdown time

图10 A井压裂施工曲线(a)第6段；(b)第12段；(c)第17段；(d)第20段

Fig.10 Fracturing construction curve of well A (a)section 6;(b)section 12;(c)section 17;(d)section 20

图11 A井水击压力曲线(a)第6段；(b)第12段；(c)第17段；(d)第20段

Fig.11 Water hammer pressure curve of well A (b)section 6;(b)section 12;(c)section 17;(d)section 20

表1 模型参数、模拟裂缝尺寸和微地震数据对比表

Table 1 Model parameters, simulated fracture size and microseismic data

A井	R	C	I	模拟裂缝半长/m	微地震半长/m	匹配度/%
第6段	4.5	2.54	10	150.8	180	83.78
第12段	5.1	2.88	10.5	188.5	170	89.12
第17段	4.5	2.52	10	158.1	170	93.00
第20段	4.5	2.62	10.5	161.5	200	80.75

参考文献 16

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基于水击效应的水平井压裂裂缝数值诊断

Numerical Fracture Diagnosis Method for Horizontal Well Fracturing Based on Water Hammer

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