Numerical Study on Natural Convective Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in a Circular Tube Containing Heat Source with Different Shape

doi:10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8244

Abstract

Abstract:

Natural convection of copper(Cu)-water nanofluids in a circular tube containing heat source with different shape (circular, triangular, and square) is numerically simulated with lattice Boltzmann method. Effects of Rayleigh number, nanoparticle volume fraction, and geometric shape of heat source on flow and heat transfer characteristics of the nanofluid are studied. It shows that heat transfer can be enhanced with increasing volume fraction of nanoparticles. And the increase of average Nusselt number in the case with small Rayleigh numbers is faster than those with large Rayleigh numbers. The largest average Nusselt number could be obtained in the square heat source case for all Rayleigh numbers considered. Finally, empirical prediction functions among average Nusselt number of the heat source surface, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and the Rayleigh number are presented. These relations provide predictions for engineering problems.

Key words: internal heat source, flow heat transfer, nanofluid, empirical relation

CLC Number:

TK124

Guyue TANG, Qin LOU, Haoyuan WANG. Numerical Study on Natural Convective Flow and Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in a Circular Tube Containing Heat Source with Different Shape[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Physics, 2021, 38(3): 301-312.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Thermo-physical properties of pure water and Cu solid particles

	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	c_p/(J·kg^-1·K^-1)	k/(W·m^-1·K^-1)	β/K^-1
水	997.1	4 179	0.613	21×10^-5
铜	8 933	385	401	1.67×10^-5

Fig.1 Physical Model

Fig.2 Average Nusselt number of the heated wall obtained in current simulation and results in Ref.[19]

Fig.3 Streamline distributions with different inner tube heat source shape (a)Ra=104; (b)Ra=105; (c)Ra=106

Fig.4 Isotherm distributions with different inner tube heat source shapes (a)Ra=104; (b)Ra=105; (c)Ra=106

Fig.5 Influence of Ra number on local Nu number distribution with different heat source shapes

Fig.6 Effect of nanoparticle volume fraction on local Nusselt number distribution (a) Case I (circle); (b) Case II (triangle); (c) Case III (square)

Fig.7 Nuave at heat source surface as functions of nanoparticle volume fractions (a)Ra=104; (b)Ra=105; (c)Ra=106

Table 2 Fit function within a given range of control parameters(104≤Ra≤106, 0.01≤φ≤0.1), as well as its maximum(δmax) and minimum deviation(δmin) from the simulated data

	Nu_ave	最大误差(δ_max)/%	最小误差(δ_min)/%
Case 1 (圆形)	0.0031 Ra^{0.241 8}φ^{0.078 2}	15.16	0.22
Case 2 (三角形)	0.0036 Ra^{0.230 9}φ^{0.082 9}	7.17	0.88
Case 3 (方形)	0.0024 Ra^{0.272 5}φ^{0.077 8}	16.33	0.21

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