Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Performance of MDM Waveguide Coupled with an M-shaped Resonant Cavity

doi:10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8828

Abstract

Abstract:

A high sensitivity refractive index sensor have been proposed in this paper, which is composed by an M-shaped resonant cavity coupled with a baffle contained Metal-Dielectric-Metal (MDM) waveguide. The influence of structural parameter of M-shaped cavity and filled medium characteristics inside it on the transmission spectrum of MDM waveguide have been analyzed numerically through the finite element method. Simulation results show that four asymmetric transmission peaks with Fano line-shape are generated by the coupling interference between the four quasi Fabry-Perot (FP) resonant modes of the first to fourth orders inside M-shaped cavity and the reflected wave in MDM waveguide, moreover the four peak wavelengths redshift almost linearly with increasing cavity length or the refractive index of the filled medium, which can be used to design the refractive index sensor. The calculated sensitivities associated with the quadruple Fano transmission peaks are found to be proportional to the cavity length and the reciprocal of resonant order. As a consequence, a sensitive up to 4 900 nm/RIU has been realized by an M-shaped resonator in dimensions of 400 nm×400 nm. The results in the article provide an effective guidance for the design of high sensitivity sensors.

Key words: surface plasmon polaritons, metal-dielectric-metal waveguide, M-shaped resonator, Fano resonance, finite element method

Pucheng XU, Jianfei GUAN. Analysis of Refractive Index Sensing Performance of MDM Waveguide Coupled with an M-shaped Resonant Cavity[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Physics, 2025, 42(1): 57-64.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Schematics of MDM waveguide side-coupled with M-shaped cavity

Fig.2 Transmission spectra of MDM waveguide system

Fig.3 Magnetic field distributions corresponding to quadruple transmittance extrema in blue transmission spectra shown in Fig. 2 (a) λ=1 018 nm; (b)λ=1 387 nm; (c)λ=2 042 nm; (d)λ=4 075 nm

Fig.4 Transmission characteristics of MDM waveguide coupled with M-shaped cavity with heights S1 (a) transmission spectra with S1; (b) linear fitting between the resonant wavelengths and S1

Fig.5 Transmission characteristics of MDM waveguide coupled with the M-shaped cavity with widths a(a) transmission spectra with a; (b) linear fitting between the resonant wavelengths and a

Fig.6 Transmission characteristics of the MDM waveguide system with g (a) transmission spectrums; (b) transmittance peaks' FWHM; (c) evolution of Q

Fig.7 Transmission characteristics of MDM waveguide coupled with M-shaped resonator with S1=350 nm and a=50 nm for deferent refractive indexes n (a) transmission spectra for five different refractive indexes n; (b) linear fitting between resonant wavelengths and refractive indexes n; (c) evolution of sensitivity and FOM with resonant order

Fig.8 Transmission characteristics of the MDM waveguide coupled with an M-shaped resonator with S1=400 nm and a=100 nm for deferent refractive indexes n (a) transmission spectra for five different refractive indexes n; (b) linear fitting between the resonant wavelengths and refractive indexes n; (c) evolution of sensitivity and FOM with resonant order

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