气泡碰撞过程中形变及破碎现象分析

doi:10.19596/j.cnki.1001-246x.8363

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以水气两相流为研究对象, 采用大涡模拟和流体体积法, 结合破碎准则和第三代涡识别方法对双气泡碰撞过程进行数值模拟。采用单一变量法, 研究气泡直径比、相对偏心距及气泡间相对距离对气泡破碎程度的影响。双气泡碰撞过程中, 两气泡的直径越接近时, 碰撞过程中的气泡破碎程度越弱, 偏心距的变化对气泡破碎程度影响不大。而相对距离小于1时, 随着其增大, 气泡碰撞过程中的破碎程度更加明显。当气泡相对距离大于1时, 气泡破碎程度趋于平缓。研究表明: 第三代涡识别方法能够很好地捕捉两相流湍流流场中漩涡位置, 并能敏锐地反映出湍流的变化。

关键词: 气泡, 纵横比, 破碎比, 数值模拟, 第三代涡识别方法

Abstract:

Gas-liquid two-phase flow is used to simulate double bubble collision process numerically with LES method, fluid volume method, crushing criterion and the third-generation vortex identification method. The single variable method is used to study the influence of bubble diameter ratio, relative eccentricity and relative distance between bubbles on the degree of bubble fragmentation. In the process of double bubble collision, the closer the diameter of the two bubbles is, the weaker the bubble breaking degree is. The relative eccentric distance has little effect on the bubble breaking degree. It shows that as the relative distance is less than 1, the bubble breaking degree is more obvious with the increase of the relative distance. As the relative distance is more than 1, the bubble breaking degree tends to be flat. It also shows that the third-generation vortex identification method captures the vortex position in the two-phase turbulent flow field well, and reflects sensitively the turbulent changes.

Key words: bubble, aspect ratio, reduction ratio, numerical simulation, the third-generation vortex identification

赵腾飞, 张华. 气泡碰撞过程中形变及破碎现象分析[J]. 计算物理, 2022, 39(1): 41-52.

Tengfei ZHAO, Hua ZHANG. Analysis of Deformation and Breakage During Bubble Collision[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Physics, 2022, 39(1): 41-52.

图/表 18

图1 破碎过程中漩涡及气泡尺寸示意图

Fig.1 A schematic of vortex and bubble size in crushing process

图2 气泡碰撞示意图

Fig.2 A schematic of bubbles collision

图3 气泡形状拟合对比(a)实验图像; (b)拟合图像

Fig.3 Contrast of bubble shape fitting (a)experimental image; (b)fitting image

图4 不同时刻静止液体中单个气泡上升运动形态对比(上图为实验图像，下图为模拟图像。) (a) t=0.01 s; (b) t=0.1 s; (c) t=0.22 s

Fig.4 Contrast of single bubble ascending motion in still liquid at different moments(The upper row are images of experiment; The lower row are images of simulation.) (a) t=0.01 s; (b) t=0.1 s; (c) t=0.22 s

表1 正心碰撞算例

Table 1 Positive center collision calculation examples

算例序号	先导气泡直径/mm	尾随气泡直径/mm	直径比	相对距离ξ_z
1	2	8	0.25	0.75
2	4	8	0.5	0.75
3	6	8	0.75	0.75
4	8	8	1	0.75
5	8	6.4	1.25	0.75
6	8	5.3	1.5	0.75
7	8	4.57	1.75	0.75
8	8	4	2	0.75
9	8	3	2.67	0.75
10	8	3	2	0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1

图5 正心碰撞双气泡上升过程形态演变(a) t=0 s; (b) t=0.04 s; (c) t=0.05 s; (d) t=0.08 s; (e) t=0.09 s; (f) t=0.11 s; (g) t=0.12 s; (h) t=0.14 s; (i) t=0.15 s; (j) t=0.16 s; (k) t=0.17 s; (l) t=0.19 s

Fig.5 Shape evolution in rising process of positive center collision of two bubbles (a) t=0 s; (b) t=0.04 s; (c) t=0.05 s; (d) t=0.08 s; (e) t=0.09 s; (f) t=0.11 s; (g) t=0.12 s; (h) t=0.14s; (i) t=0.15 s; (j) t=0.16 s; (k) t=0.17 s; (l) t=0.19 s

图6 正心碰撞0.11 s气泡运动要素(a)气相及流速矢量; (b)压强及流速矢量; (c)Liutex向量及流速矢量

Fig.6 Bubble motion in positive center collision at 0.11 second (a) gas phase and velocity vectors; (b) pressure and velocity vectors; (c) Liutex vector and velocity vectors

图7 气泡聚并前纵横比变化

Fig.7 Evolution of aspect ratios before bubbles coalesce

图8 破碎比随气泡相对间距变化

Fig.8 Reduction ratio as a function of relative bubble distance

图9 直径比为0.25时纵横比变化

Fig.9 Evolution of aspect ratios as the diameter ratio is 0.25

图10 直径比为2时纵横比变化

Fig.10 Evolution of aspect ratio as the diameter ratio is 2

图11 气泡上升过程速度矢量及压强云图(a) 0.09 s时速度矢量图; (b) 0.09 s时压强云图; (c) 0.11 s时速度矢量图; (d) 0.11 s时压强云图

Fig.11 Velocity vectors and pressure cloud maps during bubble rising (a) velocity vectors at 0.09 s; (b) pressures at 0.09 s; (c) velocity vectos at 0.11 s; (d) pressures at 0.11 s

图12 破碎比随直径比变化

Fig.12 Crushing ratio as a function of diameter ratio

图13 偏心碰撞双气泡上升过程形态演变(a) t=0 s; (b) t=0.04 s; (c) t=0.06 s; (d) t=0.09 s; (e) t=0.1 s; (f) t=0.11s; (g) t=0.12 s; (h) t=0.13 s; (i) t=0.14 s; (g) t=0.16 s; (k) t=0.17 s; (l) t=0.19 s

Fig.13 Shape evolution in rising process of eccentric collision of two bubbles (a) t=0 s; (b) t=0.04 s; (c) t=0.06 s; (d) t=0.09 s; (e) t=0.1 s; (f) t=0.11 s; (g) t=0.12 s; (h) t=0.13 s; (i) t=0.14 s; (g) t=0.16 s; (k) t=0.17 s; (l) t=0.19 s

图14 偏心碰撞0.1 s气泡运动要素(a)气相及流速矢量; (b)压强及流速矢量; (c) Liutex向量及流速矢量

Fig.14 Bubble motion in eccentric collision at 0.1 second (a) gasous phase and velocity vectors; (b) pressure and velocity vectors; (c) Liutex vectors and velocity vectors

图15 相对偏心距0.25时纵横比及长轴斜率变化

Fig.15 Evolution of aspect ratio and major axis slope as relative eccentricity is 0.25

图16 相对偏心距0.75时纵横比及长轴斜率变化

Fig.16 Evolution of aspect ratio and major axis slope as relative eccentricity is 0.75

图17 破碎比随相对偏心距的变化

Fig.17 Crushing ratio as a function of relative eccentricity

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